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　　Section III Translation

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　The growth of the use of English as the world's primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades

　　(46) But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are sings that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

　　Complex international, economic, technological and cultural changes could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the beadth of English usage would consequently face few pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol.

　　(47) His analysis should therefore end any self-contendedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the vouns generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

　　David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations alongside that (48) many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British school children and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.

　　(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to the UK:s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly £1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exports earn up to £ 10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slow down in the numbers of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. Clearly, the effect of developments in that direction would not be limited to the commercial and educational sectors. Cultural and civil contacts and understanding would also be diluted.

　　The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant: (50) It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this case in much else, those who wish to influence the future.

　　46【題干】but even as the number of English speakers expands further there are sings that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

　　【答案】但是，盡管使用英語(yǔ)者的人數在不斷增加/說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人越來(lái)越多，卻仍然有跡象表明，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的全球主導地位在不久的將來(lái)/可預見(jiàn)的未來(lái)也許會(huì )慢慢衰退。

　　【解析】本句很簡(jiǎn)單，主句是there be 結構，主句前是讓步狀語(yǔ)，signs后面是that引導的同位語(yǔ)從句，對signs進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的補充說(shuō)明。同位語(yǔ)從句中是主謂結構，the global predominance of the language 是主語(yǔ)，may fade 是謂語(yǔ)，within結構是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。expands的詞義不應該選擇常用的“擴展”意思，而應該結合前面和它搭配的number，而選擇“增加”的意思。下載考研萬(wàn)題庫 觀(guān)看逐題權威視頻解析

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　　47【題干】His analysis should therefore end any self-contendedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable.

　　【答案】因此，大衛格蘭多的分析可能會(huì )終結某些人的自滿(mǎn)態(tài)度，這些人認為，英語(yǔ)在全世界的地位十分穩固，英國的年輕一代人根本不需要學(xué)習其他的語(yǔ)言。

　　【解析】此句為復合句，who之前是主句，結構是主謂賓，His analysis是主語(yǔ)，he指代的是前面的大衛，end是核心謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，any self-contentedness是賓語(yǔ)，among those是狀語(yǔ)，who引導定語(yǔ)從句修飾those，定語(yǔ)從句中who做主語(yǔ)，believe是謂語(yǔ)，that引導賓語(yǔ)從句做believe的賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句中g(shù)lobal position of English是主語(yǔ)，后面是系表結構，that引導結果狀語(yǔ)從句，結果狀從中是主謂賓結構。詞匯部分，self-contentedness可能是難點(diǎn)，意思是“自滿(mǎn)，自大”，因為contend是滿(mǎn)意的意思，additional在考研英語(yǔ)翻譯中常用的譯法是“新的，另外的”，此處翻譯可采用詞性轉換。還有who引導的定語(yǔ)從句的處理方法，可以重復先行詞“那些人”，采用后置法。下載考研萬(wàn)題庫 觀(guān)看逐題權威視頻解析

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　　48【題干】many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.

　　【答案】很多國家正在把英語(yǔ)列入小學(xué)課程范圍，但是英國的中小學(xué)生似乎并沒(méi)有受到更多的鼓勵去流利地掌握其他語(yǔ)言。

　　【解析】此句是but連接的并列復合句，前半句是主謂賓加狀語(yǔ)的結構，很簡(jiǎn)單，后半句也是主謂賓結構，British schoolchildren and students是主語(yǔ)，do not appear to be gaining是復合謂語(yǔ)，greater encouragement是賓語(yǔ)，to achieve fluency in other languages是不定式短語(yǔ)做encouragement的后置定語(yǔ)。Curriculum是課程的意思，fluency是流利，流暢的意思。下載考研萬(wàn)題庫 觀(guān)看逐題權威視頻解析

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　　49【題干】The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.

　　【答案】大衛·格蘭多指出的這些變化給英國的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)工作者提出了明確的和巨大的挑戰，這些英語(yǔ)教學(xué)工作是面向其他國家的人和更為廣泛的商業(yè)教育機構的。

　　【解析】此句是簡(jiǎn)單句，修飾成分較多，稍有些復雜，The changes是主語(yǔ)，identified by David Graddol是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)修飾changes，identified可以理解為“發(fā)現，指出”， present是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞， 是“體現，表現”的意思，clear and major challenges是賓語(yǔ)，to UK`s providers of English language teaching是介詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)修飾challenges，providers 本意是供應商，此處可以理解為“英語(yǔ)教學(xué)工作者”，to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.是后置定語(yǔ)修飾English language teaching。下載考研萬(wàn)題庫 觀(guān)看逐題權威視頻解析

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　　50【題干】It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.

　　【答案】這一研究為所有試圖促進(jìn)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習和使用的機構提供了一個(gè)依據，這一依據是為了滿(mǎn)足可能會(huì )出現不同操作情況/運行環(huán)境的可能性的。

　　【解析】主句是主謂賓加狀語(yǔ)結構，it是代詞指代，指代前文的study，basis應該理解為“依據”，which引導定語(yǔ)從句修飾organizations，翻譯時(shí)可以采用前置法，定語(yǔ)從句中which做主語(yǔ)，seek to promote是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，the learning and use of English是賓語(yǔ)，a basis是前面主句賓語(yǔ)basis的同位語(yǔ)，for planning to meet the possibilities介詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)修飾basis，of what could be a very different operating environment介詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)修飾possibilities。下載考研萬(wàn)題庫 觀(guān)看逐題權威視頻解析

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